ATH is used in polyester resins. However with increased attention being given to smoke & toxic fume emissions, ATH has found large volume application in vinyl as a low smoke, non toxic replacement for antimony and in polyurethane, latex, neoprene foam system, Rubber, wire & Cable insulation, vinyl walls & flooring coverings and epoxies.
Alumina Trihydrate acts as a flame retardant and smoke suppressor because of its thermodynamic properties. Its endothermic dehydration cools the plastic & Rubber parts and dilute with water vapour those combustible gases that do escape.
The latter is probably the main phenomenon associated with smoke suppression other excellent performance include electrical and track resistance.
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Source: http://www.aluminachem.com/products.htm